The conflict and balance between the right to know and the right to privacy in the open governmentinformation system
政府信息公开制度中知情权与隐私权的冲突与平衡

摘要

《政府信息公开条例》第十五条规定了对个人隐私的豁免公开。但司法实践中不可避免地出现了公民知情权与隐私权的矛盾与冲突。知情权作为一项公民权利，是信息公开的立法目的和法理渊源。通过对比美国《信息自由法》与我国《政府信息公开条例》对个人隐私的保护和范围界定的差异，分析在在实践中形成的识别个人信息与界定公共利益的方法经验。对涉及隐私的政府信息公开，应首先对隐私性信息进行判断，继而识别信息公开的公共利益，不公开涉及个人隐私的政府信息会对公共利益造成重大影响的情况下，行政机关可以依法或者裁量决定公开信息，最后遵循比例原则对个人隐私权威胁程度、公开获得的公共利益等因素进行综合衡量做出决定。

Abstract

Article 15 of the Open Government Information Regulations provides for an exemption from disclosure of personal privacy. However, in judicial practice, there are inevitably contradictions and conflicts between citizens' right to know and privacy. As a constitutional right, the right to know is the legislative purpose and legal foundation of open government information. By comparing the differences in the protection and scope of personal privacy in the US Freedom of Information Act and China's Open Government Information Ordinance, the discretionary method of weighing the interests of privacy and the public's right to know is analyzed in practice. For government information disclosure involving privacy, the privacy information should first be judged, and then the public interest in information disclosure should be identified, and where not disclosing government information involving personal privacy will have a major impact on the public interest, the administrative organ may decide to disclose the information in accordance with law or discretion, and finally follow the principle of proportionality to comprehensively measure and make a decision on factors such as the degree of threat to personal privacy, the public interest obtained publicly obtained, and so forth.