A study on the dynamic image of china in german mainstream media's reports from 1991 to 2022—Taking Der Spiegel, Die Zeit, and Die Welt as examples
德国主流媒体1991-2022年涉华报道中的动态中国形象研究——以德国《明镜周刊》、《时代周刊》、《世界报》为例

摘要

随着中国的崛起和发展，在国际事务中发挥的作用越来越大。但国外主流媒体对于中国国际形象的塑造极为不利。本文将目光聚焦于德国的主流媒体，对《明镜周刊》、《时代周刊》、《世界报》在1991-2022年期间涉华报道的动态进行了分析。通过研究发现，该时期的德国媒体对于不同阶段的中国报道有着显著差异，中国形象初期阶段较为单一，且带有偏见，在不断发展中开始朝着多元化和复杂化方向行进。这种变化既是来自于内因，也有外因的推动。中国自身发展迅速，国际形势也是瞬息万变，加之德国国内政治、经济和文化发展等因素，促使德国主流媒体对中国形象的报道，也呈现了动态演变。

Abstract

With the rise and development of China, it is playing an increasingly important role in international affairs. However, foreign mainstream media have been extremely detrimental to the shaping of China's international image. This article focuses on the mainstream media in Germany and analyzes the dynamics of the reports on China by Der Spiegel, Die Zeit, and Die Welt during the period from 1991 to 2022. Through research, it is found that German media during this period showed significant differences in their reports on China at different stages. In the initial stage, the image of China was relatively simple and biased, and in the process of continuous development, it began to move towards diversification and complexity. This change is driven by both internal and external factors. China itself is developing rapidly, and the international situation is also changing rapidly. In addition, factors such as the political, economic, and cultural development within Germany have prompted the reports on China's image by German mainstream media to also present a dynamic evolution.