Current status survey and data analysis of age-appropriate configuration of public sports fitness equipment in old residential communities
老旧小区公共体育健身器材适老化配置现状调查与数据分析

摘要

随着我国人口老龄化进程加快，老年人的健康需求日益凸显。截至2023年底，我国65岁以上人口达2.17亿，占比15.4%，老龄化程度持续加深。公共体育健身器材作为老旧小区重要的健康促进设施，其适老化配置水平直接关系到老年人的运动安全和健身效果。本文基于武汉市7个主城区30个老旧小区的实地调查数据，运用问卷调查法和深度访谈法，分析了当前存在的器材功能错位、空间布局不合理、维护机制虚化等突出问题。研究发现，2000年前建成的老旧小区中60%未规划锻炼场地，83%增补器材为传统力量型器械，与老年人康复训练类器材需求存在40%的供给缺口。

Abstract

With the acceleration of population aging in China, the health needs of the elderly have become increasingly prominent. By the end of 2023, China's population aged 65 and above had reached 217 million, accounting for 15.4% of the total population, indicating a continuously deepening aging trend. As important health promotion facilities in old residential communities, the age-appropriate configuration level of public sports fitness equipment directly affects the exercise safety and fitness outcomes for the elderly. Based on field survey data from 30 old residential communities across 7 central urban districts of Wuhan, this study employs questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews to analyze prominent issues such as functional misalignment of equipment, unreasonable spatial layout, and weakened maintenance mechanisms. The research reveals that among old residential communities built before 2000, 60% lack planned exercise areas, and 83% of supplementary equipment consists of traditional strength-training devices, creating a 40% supply gap compared to the demand for rehabilitation training equipment for the elderly. More notably, a significant deviation exists between the actual usage behavior of the elderly and the designed functions of the equipment—the phenomenon of "everything can be used for leg stretching" reflects a deeper deficiency in age-appropriate design. The survey shows that satisfaction ratings for the age-appropriateness of public seating and fitness equipment are below 3.8 (out of 5), making them prominent shortcomings in community age-appropriate renovation. Accordingly, this paper proposes a "proximity-based" hierarchical layout model and an "elderly-oriented" functional configuration strategy, suggesting that age-appropriate fitness facilities should be incorporated into the basic renovation checklist for old residential communities as part of urban renewal initiatives, while establishing a long-term maintenance mechanism that emphasizes both construction and management. This research provides empirical evidence and decision-making references for promoting age-friendly community development and improving the public service system for national fitness.