Construction of a closed-loop safety management model for experimental teaching in chemical engineering and materials specialties
化工与材料专业实验教学闭环安全管理模式构建

摘要

化工与材料专业是实验教学安全事故的高发领域，当前高校实验室安全管理尚缺乏适配化工与材料学科特点的闭环管控方案。为构建精准化、全过程的实验安全防控体系，本文从安全要素与主体责任、人员准入培训、实验过程管控、仪器试剂及废液管理等方面展开分析，提出强化实验教学安全管理的对策。文章以化工与材料专业实验教学各要素的内在逻辑为主线，剖析实验教学各环节存在的安全隐患。构建科学的化工与材料类实验教学安全管理模式，需要从提升人员安全责任素养、强化课堂过程管理、严格仪器试剂管理三个维度协同推进：建立实验人员准入与常态化安全教育机制，合理设置师生比，降低课堂监管压力；任课教师在实验过程中落实动态巡查要求，并具备相应应急处置能力；规范实验仪器入库和出库，严格管理化学试剂与实验废液。本文提出一套适配化工与材料专业实验教学的闭环安全管理模式，为精准防范实验教学安全事故提供新思路。

Abstract

Chemical engineering and materials majors witness a high incidence of safety accidents in experimental teaching. At present, the laboratory safety management in universities still lacks a closed-loop control scheme tailored to the disciplinary characteristics of chemical engineering and materials. To establish a precise and whole-process safety prevention and control system for experiments, this paper conducts an analysis from the perspectives of safety factors and subject responsibilities, personnel access and training, experimental process control, as well as the management of instruments, reagents and waste liquids, and puts forward countermeasures for strengthening safety management in experimental teaching. Taking the internal logic among various elements of experimental teaching for chemical engineering and materials majors as the main line, this paper analyzes potential safety hazards in each link of experimental teaching. The development of a scientific safety management model for experimental teaching in chemical engineering and materials disciplines requires coordinated promotion in three dimensions: improving personnel safety awareness and responsibility, strengthening in-class process management, and standardizing the management of instruments and reagents. Specifically, it is necessary to establish an access mechanism for experimental participants and regular safety education, set a reasonable teacher-student ratio to ease on-site supervision burden. Instructors shall implement dynamic on-site inspection during experiments and master corresponding emergency response capabilities. Standardize the storage and retrieval of laboratory equipment, and strictly manage chemical reagents and experimental waste liquids. This paper proposes a closed-loop safety management model suitable for experimental teaching of chemical engineering and materials majors, which provides new ideas for the targeted prevention of safety accidents in experimental teaching.